some problems with the kidneys of the baby where urine production is not happening or urine excretion is not happening or obstruction for urine excretion.” In terms of fetal reasons, it can be renal pathology i.e. When there is pregnancy-induced hypertension for the mother, uncontrolled diabetes, malnutrition, and dehydration, can be some of the maternal causes for low amniotic fluid. In case of low amniotic fluid, maternal causes can be something on the lines of lack of blood supply to the placenta for the growth of the baby. It is not always known why mothers can have low amniotic fluid.”īringing her expertise to the same, Dr Anitha Manoj said, “Any problems in pregnancy can be attributed to three causes- maternal, fetal and placental causes. All this happens when it's time for delivery. If the mother goes beyond her due date, it's a natural progression of the placenta aging, the fluid coming down, and the baby maturing. One, breaking of water which is a physical thing that happens for which there is no real reason, two, there could be medical reasons such as birth, congenital problems with the baby, early onset of blood pressure, fetal growth restriction or growth problems with the baby. Diabetes on the other hand gives rise to increased fluid with the baby. In the beginning it may not show up as high blood pressure but may show up as reduced fluid or reduced growth of the baby. Post the first 24 weeks, we may have to consider high blood pressure which can set in later. She elaborated, “In the first 24 weeks, if there is a low amniotic fluid or oligohydramnios, one will have to think about any kind of congenital defects, and if it is an early onset of blood pressure, or fetal growth restriction, that must be considered. This is one of the reasons for reduced fluid or oligohydramnios both in the first six months and in the latter half of the pregnancy.” This means the membranes which are a barrier between the outside world and the uterus have gone. After a couple of examinations and a scan, it will reveal that she's actually leaking. It is an easy diagnosis because the mother may tell us that she's leaking fluid and her underclothes are wet constantly. This means that the waters have broken and the mother is physically leaking water from the uterus. The only obvious cause of reduced fluid or oligohydramnios or low amniotic fluid is leaking of membranes or rupture of membranes. It can be from the mother’s high sugar levels or some other problems with the baby.” Causes for low amniotic fluid in pregnancyĭr Prathima Reddy, Director and Lead Consultant at SPARSH Hospital for Women and Children, explained, “It can be divided into the first two trimesters, that is up to about 24 weeks, and then the last couple of trimesters i.e. When amniotic fluid is excessive, it shows that there is excessive urine production and excessive excretion from the skin. If Amniotic fluid is adequate, it shows that the baby is healthy and that the renal systems of the baby are functioning normally. She added, “Amniotic fluid is mainly formed by the secretion of the urine by the baby and from secretions through the skin. Stay tuned with breaking news on HT Channel on Facebook. Amniotic fluid will have enough nutrients which can help with the growth of the baby.” When amniotic fluid is adequate, there will be enough space for the baby to move around and for the growth of the baby. It should be at least more than 8 cm and less than 25 cm which is the upper limit. Therefore, the levels of amniotic fluid should be normal. It is very important because it acts like a cushion and gives nutrition support for the baby. In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr Anitha Manoj, Fertility Specialist at GarbhaGudi IVF, shared, “Amniotic fluid is nothing but the water level around the baby. What to do when you have low amniotic fluid in pregnancy? (File Photo) It is almost like a swimming pool in which the baby can move about easily, extend its limbs and therefore grow adequately while also helping as a safety barrier for the baby with regard to buffering it from any kind of knocks from the outside. Amniotic fluid is formed by the mother and the baby when it passes urine and also from the baby’s lungs moreover, it surrounds the baby within the uterus and allows it to grow.
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